Cotesia congregata (Braconidae) & Manduca sexta
(Sphingidae)
Illinois, USA
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Cotesia congregata - a small braconid wasp- injects more than venom into her caterpillar host. Several groups of parasitic wasps carry viral genomes- called polydnaviruses- inside their own genome, and this virus serves to dismantle the immune system of their host.
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